The Treaty of Troyes of 1564 was an agreement between the rival kingdoms of England and France after the ejection of English forces from France in 1563 which recognized French ownership of

Calais Calais ( , , traditionally , ) is a port city in the Pas-de-Calais department, of which it is a subprefecture. Although Calais is by far the largest city in Pas-de-Calais, the department's prefecture is its third-largest city of Arras. Th ...

in return of France's payment to England 120,000 crowns.

Background

On 7 January 1558, during the reign of

Mary I of England Mary I (18 February 1516 – 17 November 1558), also known as Mary Tudor, and as "Bloody Mary" by her Protestant opponents, was Queen of England and Ireland from July 1553 and Queen of Spain from January 1556 until her death in 1558. Sh ...

, Henry II of France sent forces led by the Duke of Guise, who laid siege to Calais. When the French attacked, they were able to surprise the English at the critical strongpoint of Fort Nieulay and the sluice gates, which could have flooded the attackers, remained unopened. Thus Calais was regained by the French. In spite of this, Elizabeth I, Mary's sister and successor, revived the English claim on Calais and took the French port of Le Havre in 1562 with support of the Huguenots, but the French troops ejected the English troops from France, and subsequently in 1564, an agreement was reached between England and France under which France paid England 120,000 crowns in return for English recognition of French control over Calais. This was likely done to gain France's support for the Dutch Revolt against Spain.

References

{{reflist 1564 in England 1564 treaties Treaties of medieval England Peace treaties of England Peace treaties of the Ancien Régime 16th-century military history of France